Review Article

Open Access

2025 Dec;3(4):244-254

https://doi.org/10.61189/880658qzgyhf

A review of low thermal damage technologies in electrosurgery

Yuxiang Luo

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Yong Wang

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Jiuzhou Zhao

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Xiangzhou Meng

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Yanan Hou

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Yao Zheng

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Yu Zhou

zhouyu@usst.edu.cn

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Address correspondence to

Article notes

Highlights

Yu Zhou, School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China. Tel: +86-18021042556. E-mail: zhouyu@usst.edu.cn.

Received April 21, 2025; Accepted August 8, 2025; Published December 31, 2025

Comprehensive Technology Review-It systematically compares three major techniques for reducing thermal damage in electrosurgery.
Balanced Evaluation Framework-Each method is evaluated across multiple dimensions, including effectiveness, applicability, complexity, and cost.
Forward-Looking Insight-It discusses future trends such as AI integration and the development of advanced materials for smarter surgical systems.

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Review Article

Open Access

A review of low thermal damage technologies in electrosurgery

Yuxiang Luo

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Yong Wang

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Jiuzhou Zhao

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Xiangzhou Meng

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Yanan Hou

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Yao Zheng

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Yu Zhou

zhouyu@usst.edu.cn

School of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Address correspondence to

Article notes

Received April 21, 2025; Accepted August 8, 2025; Published December 31, 2025

Highlights

Comprehensive Technology Review-It systematically compares three major techniques for reducing thermal damage in electrosurgery.
Balanced Evaluation Framework-Each method is evaluated across multiple dimensions, including effectiveness, applicability, complexity, and cost.
Forward-Looking Insight-It discusses future trends such as AI integration and the development of advanced materials for smarter surgical systems.

2025 Dec;3(4):244-254

doi:https://doi.org/10.61189/880658qzgyhf

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Accesses: 46

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Abstract

Electrosurgery is widely applied for precise tissue cutting and coagulation through high-frequency electrical energy, yet it carries the risk of collateral thermal injury. This review examines emerging strategies to mitigate such damage, including cooling systems, real-time temperature monitoring, pulsed cutting, and laser- or ultrasoundassisted techniques. By improving temperature regulation, enhancing feedback accuracy, and enabling adaptive power control, these innovations reduce heat diffusion and tissue charring, thereby enhancing surgical safety and outcomes.

Keywords: Electrosurgery, thermal damage, adaptive control

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