Research on the construction of metaverse-based immersive training system and teaching modes for postoperative coronary artery disease patients

Standardized rehabilitation training for patients with coronary artery disease following coronary revascularization surgery is a core therapeutic strategy to improve postoperative cardiac function, boost exercise tolerance and optimize long-term prognosis. However, mainstream cardiac rehabilitation methods currently suffer from three prominent limitations: monotonous training scenarios, poorly individualized regimen titration, and poor adherence to home-based exercise regimens. In recent years, alongside iterative advances and technical maturation in artificial intelligence (AI), the Zhongshan-specific metaverse platform featuring virtual-physical integration has offered novel insights into overcoming bottlenecks in cardiac rehabilitation training. Leveraging metaverse-based immersive interactive technology and wearable dynamic electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring technology, this study aims to develop an integrated intervention system tailored to standardized cardiac rehabilitation for coronary artery disease patients post coronary revascularization. It further defines the system’s implementation workflow, risk control protocols and clinical eligibility criteria. The research adopts four methodological approaches: system architecture development, scenario-based modular design, alignment with evidence-based clinical guidelines, and hierarchical competency-based teaching modeling. The postoperative cardiac rehabilitation framework consists of three core functional modules: virtual reality (VR) immersive exercise training, wearable real-time dynamic ECG data acquisition, and AI-powered ECG risk early warning. Rehabilitation phases are stratified according to patients’ postoperative functional capacity. On this basis, we established individualized immersive rehabilitation scenarios, graded exercise intervention thresholds, a tiered judgment system for ECG abnormalities, and standardized emergency response workflows. Meanwhile, to meet clinical teaching demands in cardiac rehabilitation departments, this study explores a sustainable specialty teaching transformation model supported by the Fudan Zhongshan Huisheng Intelligent Education platform. The findings will provide a comprehensive theoretical framework, technical roadmap and empirical evidence for the large-scale clinical translation of this innovative cardiac rehabilitation protocol.

Key Words: metaverse; immersive exercise training; cardiac rehabilitation; medical teaching transformation